Wuzhou kilns
Wuzhou kilns (婺州窑) refer to the ceramic production centers located in the Jinhua region of central Zhejiang Province, active primarily from the Tang period through the Five Dynasties and into the Song period. The kilns are known for their celadon and dark-glazed stonewares, which represent a regional variant of southern stoneware traditions distinct from contemporaneous Yue and later Longquan wares.
Historical Context
The Wuzhou kilns developed within the broader sphere of southern ceramic production during the Tang period. Proximity to trade routes connecting inland Zhejiang to river and coastal distribution networks supported circulation of Wuzhou wares. Production continued through the Five Dynasties and early Song, after which the expansion of Longquan celadon gradually overshadowed Wuzhou’s output in scale and influence.
Kiln Sites
Excavations have identified kiln zones throughout the Jinhua area, including hillside dragon kilns oriented along slope gradients.
| Kiln Group | Location (Modern) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Wuzhou kiln group (婺州窑群) | Jinhua region, Zhejiang | Primary production area; excavated wasters show technical variation in body and glaze composition |
Materials and Technical Characteristics
Wuzhou wares are high-fired stonewares with:
- Bodies ranging from gray to buff in cross-section
- Celadon glazes of olive to brown-green tones
- Dark glazes with iron-rich compositions producing black and brown surfaces
Compared to Yue ware, Wuzhou glazes tend to be thicker and less uniform, with surface pooling and localized gloss variation typical of kiln atmosphere fluctuation.
Forms and Decoration
Common vessel forms include:
- Bowls and dishes with rounded or slightly conical profiles
- Small storage jars
- Ewers and bottles
- Covered boxes
Decoration is generally restrained. Relief and incision are used sparingly; aesthetic emphasis lies in glaze tone, thickness, and surface modulation.
Cultural and Historical Significance
Wuzhou ware represents:
- A regional expression of southern stoneware development prior to the ascendancy of Longquan celadon
- Evidence of diverse kiln traditions within Zhejiang
- A link between early southern celadon systems and later Song-period specialization
Related Pages
References
- Li Zhiyan et al., eds. Kilns of Zhejiang Province. Chinese Academy of Arts.
- Kerr, Rose. Chinese Ceramics. Victoria and Albert Museum.
- Medley, Margaret. The Chinese Potter: A Practical History of Chinese Ceramics.